Common Reasons Social Security Disability Claims Are Denied and How to Avoid Them
Applying for Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) or Supplemental Security Income (SSI) can be a long and frustrating process. Unfortunately, most initial applications are denied. According to the Social Security Administration (SSA), only about 20 to 30 percent of first-time applications are approved. For Indiana residents facing disabling medical conditions, understanding the common reasons for claim denials can help improve their chances of success. At Lee Cossell & Feagley, LLP, our Indianapolis Social Security Disability lawyers work with clients throughout Indianapolis and beyond to prepare complete, accurate, and compelling disability claims. Below are some of the most common pitfalls applicants encounter and what you can do to avoid them.
Medical Evidence
One of the most frequent reasons claims are denied is insufficient medical evidence. SSDI benefits are awarded based on medical necessity, so your application must demonstrate that your condition prevents you from working and is expected to last at least 12 months or result in death. Too often, applicants submit claims without enough supporting documentation or rely solely on their own descriptions of their symptoms. While your personal account is important, it must be backed up with objective medical records, treatment notes, lab results, imaging studies, and doctor evaluations. A strong application includes ongoing documentation from licensed healthcare providers who can speak to the severity of your condition and its impact on your daily activities.
Failure to Follow Treatment
Closely related to inadequate medical evidence is a failure to follow prescribed treatment. If you do not follow your doctor’s recommended treatment plan, the SSA may assume your condition is not as serious as you claim. There are legitimate reasons why someone might stop treatment, such as side effects, cost, or religious objections. However, you must explain those reasons in your application and ideally have a note from your doctor acknowledging the issue. Demonstrating a consistent effort to treat and manage your condition shows the SSA that you are taking your health seriously and are not simply seeking benefits without cause.
Work Activity
Another common reason for denial is related to work activity. To qualify for disability benefits, you must prove that you are unable to engage in “substantial gainful activity” (SGA). In 2025, this generally means earning more than $1,620 per month (or $2,700 per month if you are blind). If you are working and earning above that threshold, even part-time, your application may be denied because it appears you are capable of maintaining employment. Some applicants try to work while their claim is pending, not realizing that even temporary or unsuccessful work attempts can impact their eligibility. It is important to consult with an attorney before engaging in any form of work during the application process.
Timely Applications
Timing also plays a role in claim denials. Many people wait too long to apply for benefits, either because they hope their condition will improve or because they don’t understand the application process. SSDI benefits are tied to your work history and the taxes you’ve paid into the system. If too much time passes between when you stop working and when you apply, you may lose eligibility due to an expired date last insured (DLI). For SSI applicants, delaying your application can result in lost benefits since SSI is need-based and does not offer retroactive payments beyond the application date. If your medical condition is affecting your ability to work, it is critical to apply as soon as possible and avoid unnecessary delays.
Severity of Disability
Some claims are denied because the disability described does not meet the SSA’s definition of “severe.” The SSA uses a five-step sequential evaluation process to determine disability, and one of the earliest steps is assessing whether your condition significantly limits your ability to perform basic work activities. If the SSA determines that your impairment is not severe enough to interfere with basic functions such as standing, walking, lifting, or remembering simple instructions, your claim may be denied early in the review process. To prevent this outcome, your application must include clear, consistent evidence that your condition imposes real, measurable limitations on your ability to function.
Complying With Requests
Lack of cooperation with the SSA is another reason claims are often denied. If you do not provide requested documents, miss appointments for consultative exams, or fail to respond to SSA correspondence, your application may be denied for non-compliance. The SSA has tight deadlines and strict rules, so it’s vital to stay organized and responsive throughout the process. Applicants who become overwhelmed by the bureaucracy or miss key deadlines may inadvertently sabotage an otherwise valid claim. This is one of the key areas where a qualified attorney can provide essential support, keeping your claim on track and making sure no critical step is missed.
Proper Documentation
Incorrect or incomplete forms are also a frequent stumbling block. The SSA requires extensive paperwork, and each form must be filled out accurately. Mistakes, omissions, or contradictory information can cast doubt on the validity of your claim. For example, inconsistencies between your statements on various forms or between your reports and your doctor’s findings can raise red flags. Every detail matters, and careless errors can cost you time, money, and benefits. Working with an experienced Social Security Disability law firm ensures that your paperwork is completed thoroughly and reviewed for accuracy before submission.
Lack of Legal Representation
Another factor in many denials is a lack of legal representation. While it is possible to apply for SSDI or SSI on your own, having a knowledgeable attorney greatly increases your chances of success. A disability attorney understands how the SSA evaluates claims and can help ensure your application includes the right evidence and meets all procedural requirements. If your claim is denied, an attorney can guide you through the appeals process, represent you at a hearing, and advocate for your best interests every step of the way. Studies show that applicants who are represented by attorneys are significantly more likely to receive benefits than those who apply alone.
In some cases, claims are denied because the applicant has previously filed and withdrawn or abandoned earlier claims. The SSA reviews your full application history, and a pattern of incomplete or abandoned applications can negatively impact how your current claim is perceived. If you’ve filed before and were denied, it’s important to address any prior issues head-on. A new application should correct the deficiencies in your previous attempt and provide updated, more persuasive evidence. An experienced disability attorney can review your application history and help you build a stronger, more credible case moving forward.
Proactive Steps to Avoid Denials
To avoid these and other common pitfalls, Indiana applicants should consider the following key strategies. First, seek medical treatment early and consistently, and follow all prescribed plans of care. Second, document your symptoms and functional limitations in detail and ask your doctors to do the same. Third, complete your application carefully and respond promptly to all SSA requests. Finally, retain a knowledgeable Social Security Disability attorney to guide you through every stage of the process. By taking a proactive approach and seeking qualified legal help, you can improve your chances of securing the benefits you need and deserve.
Contact Lee Cossell & Feagley for Help With Social Security Disability in Indianapolis
At Lee Cossell & Feagley, LLP, we understand how overwhelming the SSDI and SSI application process can be. That’s why we offer comprehensive legal support to help clients prepare strong, compelling claims from the start. If you’ve already applied and been denied, we can help you appeal the decision and present your case effectively at a hearing. Whether you’re just starting your application or are navigating the appeals process, our experienced Indiana disability attorneys are here to help. Contact us today for a free consultation and let us put our knowledge and experience to work for you.
